Elastane
Elastane is the generic name for synthetic stretch fibers, known as spandex in North America and by the brand name Lycra. It's an essential component in modern hosiery, providing stretch and recovery.
What Is Elastane?
Elastane is a polyurethane-polyurea copolymer invented by DuPont chemist Joseph Shivers in 1958. It can stretch up to 600% of its original length and snap back to shape.
In hosiery, elastane is never used alone—it's always blended with other fibers like nylon or microfiber.
Names for the Same Thing
| Name | Usage |
|---|---|
| Elastane | Europe, UK, general term |
| Spandex | USA, Canada |
| Lycra | DuPont brand name (now Lycra Company) |
All three refer to the same fiber type.
Elastane Content in Hosiery
- 3-5%: Minimal stretch, vintage feel
- 5-10%: Standard pantyhose, good recovery
- 10-15%: Control tops, stay-up bands
- 15-20%: High-control shapewear hosiery
- 20%+: Support hosiery, compression
Benefits in Hosiery
- Fit: Conforms to body shape
- Recovery: Returns to shape after wearing
- Comfort: Moves with you
- Longevity: Maintains shape wash after wash
- Stay-up power: Essential for hold-up bands
Elastane vs. Rubber
Before elastane, hosiery used rubber for stretch. Elastane advantages:
- Lighter weight
- More durable
- Better recovery
- No rubber allergies
- Doesn't degrade with oils/lotions
Care Considerations
Elastane has specific care needs:
- Heat sensitive: No hot water, no tumble drying
- Chlorine damage: Avoid pools with high chlorine
- Oils: Body oils can degrade over time
- Sunlight: Can weaken with prolonged UV exposure
Quality Indicators
Higher elastane quality means better performance:
- Lycra-branded typically higher quality
- Even stretch in all directions
- Quick snap-back when released
- No bagging at knees/ankles after wear